For this guide:

• I researched 16 data removal services and enrolled with nine of them, granting them as much information as they requested.
• I personally evaluated those services over a period of two months.
• I designed a long-term testing experiment to evaluate the efficacy of data removal services. Five Wirecutter staffers will be using the services for at least a year to inform our recommendations.

Although you can sometimes manually request that these brokers take your information down, doing so is a tedious process that you need to repeat for each data broker. Data removal services promise to handle the nitty-gritty of removing your information from data broker sites for a fee. They also keep looking for your data across the galaxy of data brokers and continue filing removal requests as long as you pay for the service.

But even using a data removal service doesn’t completely scrub your online identity. A representative of EasyOptOuts told us that data brokers may repost information that has been taken down, though whether that happens is unpredictable. The rep also told us that the company doesn’t believe its service will lead to people getting fewer spam calls, so set your expectations accordingly. Also, not every data removal service is available to customers outside the US — DeleteMe is available in 11 other countries, but EasyOptOuts is US-only.

Data brokers aren’t the only source for your personal information. Many people routinely provide lots of information about themselves on social media platforms, which use that data to serve targeted ads. Advertisers, like data brokers, are keen to learn as much as they can about you, and they use a variety of tools to try to track you between websites, which is why we recommend using a tracker blocker such as Privacy Badger.

Once you start taking control of your personal information with a data removal service, build on that momentum to start improving your security hygiene, too. Using a password manager and enabling two-factor authentication wherever it’s available are two easy ways to make yourself safer online.

• A standalone tool: Some data removal services are bundled together with other tools, such as VPNs and antivirus. Although such packages might provide subscribers with more utility, we focused on companies that provided data removal services without additional, questionably useful features tacked on.
• Easy, flexible data entry: The most interaction you’ll have with a data removal service is giving it your personal information, so the ideal data removal service should make this process as painless as possible. We preferred services that are flexible enough to use whatever information you can provide and do not reject incomplete information.
• Reasonable price: You can subscribe to a data removal service for as little as $20 a year or as much as $300, with significantly higher pricing for additional features and family accounts. We gave preference to services that met our minimum criteria at an affordable price.

• Transparency: We gave preference to data removal services that showed what they found and when it was removed.
• Custom removal: Your information can pop up in surprising places, which is why a data removal service should ideally have a system for customers to report sightings of their information online and have the company investigate whether it can be removed.
• Number of data brokers covered: With rare exception, most data removal services say they cover at least 100 data brokers. This is a very difficult figure to verify independently and as such we don’t consider this to be the most important criterion. If the data removal company can prove that it found your information and removed it, and if it offers custom removals, the actual number of data brokers doesn’t matter as much.
• Trustworthy security practices: You need to provide an enormous amount of personal information to a data removal service in order for it to track down and remove your data. The company, in turn, must explain what measures it uses to protect your data, and it should not sell your information for profit.

When setting up our accounts, we provided as much information as possible to the data removal service. In most cases, this included names and variations of names, a birthdate, current and previous addresses, and email addresses. A few services requested more information, such as the names of relatives, and some asked for a limited power of attorney and a redacted copy of a driver’s license.

We evaluated each service not only on its ease of setup but also on how flexible it was. For example: Some services required a full address and would not accept a partial one. That’s needlessly restrictive and annoying if you don’t remember the precise house number for a place you lived at 15 years ago.

Once the data removal services started their work, we evaluated the breadth of information they provided to customers; the best services report where they’ve found your personal information, as well as what action they’ve taken. We also looked at what actions companies expected customers to take.

Lastly, we read each service’s privacy policy and contacted companies as necessary to better understand how they operated and what they did to protect customers.

We culled the list of finalists to five: DeleteMe, EasyOptOuts, Incogni, Optery, and Privacy Bee. In March 2025 we recruited Wirecutter staffers to embark on a year-long journey to test each one long-term. Each person is tracking what information their assigned service says it has taken down each month. Our testers are also regularly searching for their information on a set of five data brokers that all of these data removal services claim to cover. We will continue to update this guide with their findings.

Most of the data removal services we tested include detailed instructions to remove your data from specific data broker sites. Some, like DeleteMe and Optery, perform a free scan to start you off in finding the companies selling your data. Others, such as Kanary Copilot and Consumer Reports’s Permission Slip, help identify data brokers and streamline removal requests, but you still do the bulk of the work.

Alternatively, you can skip engaging with data brokers and instead try to have search results that contain your personal information suppressed. Google’s Results About You tool generates reports about sites that might have your personal information and allows you to request that such sites be removed from search results. Even after I had most of my data removed from broker websites, Results About You still found and removed several results that listed my information. However, the data brokers still have my data — it’s just not as easy to find.

Top pick: DeleteMe

Top pick

DeleteMe is easy to set up and even easier to use: For $129 a year, you receive periodic reports on what data it has removed on your behalf, but otherwise it does the work for you.

With a successful track record that stretches back more than a decade, DeleteMe may well be the original data removal service. The company offers a comprehensive and hands-off approach to removing your data, and we specifically appreciate the breadth of information that DeleteMe covers and its flexibility regarding how much information you provide.

DeleteMe’s high-quality experience and thoughtful design make it stand out from the rest, even services that cover more data brokers.

Setting up your account is painless and comprehensive. DeleteMe, like other data removal services, requires you to enter your legal name and several variations on it at setup. We really liked that it frequently needed only partial information, such as the city and state, but not street, of previous addresses. That’s great, because we couldn’t remember every place we’ve lived over the past two decades.

Some data brokers, on the profiles they construct about you, list people they think are related to you, so we liked that DeleteMe was one of the very few data removal services that let us include information on family members in our profile. DeleteMe doesn’t remove relatives’ information (at least, not without a family plan), but this information might improve its results.

DeleteMe does have two requirements that might scare some new users: It asks that you grant it a limited power of attorney and upload a redacted photo of an ID, such as a driver’s license. The former allows the company to act on your behalf; it’s restricted to data removal activities, and you can revoke it at any time. The latter ensures that you are who you say you are, and DeleteMe includes tools for removing your ID number in its uploader. Five of the nine data removal services we tested asked for a limited power of attorney, but only DeleteMe and Optery asked for a state ID.

You never have to interact with it again — if you don’t want to. Once you set up DeleteMe, you don’t need to do anything else. Within seven days you receive your first report detailing what DeleteMe has done on your behalf. The company then emails you fresh reports quarterly on what it has found or removed, and it occasionally asks permission to add a new data broker to search (you should grant that permission). If you want to log in more frequently, you can view a large, colorful chart that DeleteMe updates with how much information it has removed on your behalf, and you can browse old reports, too.

It offers additional tools that can keep your information out of data brokers’ hands. You can create masked emails that automatically forward to your primary email address, which you can use to sign up for services and then abandon if they become overwhelmed with spam. You can also create masked phone numbers that forward to your real phone number, which gives you an additional layer of privacy, though they cost $7 per number.

The DeleteMe Search Yourself tool lets you run Google searches and then mark the results as something you want to keep, something you want removed, or something that’s not related to you. (Privacy Bee has a similar Manage Trust tool, but DeleteMe’s is easier to understand.) You can also submit custom removal requests, in a separate form.

DeleteMe is reasonably priced, compared with the competition. Across the data removal services we looked at, we found an average annual cost of about $118 — just a few dollars less than DeleteMe’s $129-per-year price tag. If you decide to cancel your subscription, DeleteMe will prorate the cost and refund you.

DeleteMe also offers a repeatable free scan of data brokers and includes numerous DIY guides that can help you send your own take-down requests.

Flaws but not dealbreakers

It doesn’t show much proof of its work. Optery includes detailed screenshots of the data brokers that are selling your information, and it updates those frequently. In contrast, DeleteMe has a more hands-off approach: It sends you quarterly reports listing the sites and types of information for sale but offers no screenshots to back that up.

It doesn’t cover as many data brokers as other services do. On its website, DeleteMe lists hundreds of data brokers it searches and sends removal requests to, but if you subtract all the ones that are limited to corporate-account tiers or special requests, the list shrinks to about 100. Optery and Privacy Bee cover 635 and 914 brokers, respectively, but also cost significantly more. However, you can ask DeleteMe to take down other information you come across using the custom removal request option.

Does covering more data brokers necessarily give you better results? That’s something we’ll be looking at in our long-term testing.

Set-and-forget means you won’t get much feedback. We think most people would prefer a service that demands very little time and attention, but DeleteMe’s approach does come at the cost of your knowing what it’s up to. Kanary Copilot, Optery, and many other data removal services show a stream of new information about where your data is and what the company is doing about it. With DeleteMe, you have to trust the process.

Budget pick: EasyOptOuts

Budget pick

EasyOptOuts matches its barebones design with an affordable annual price. It’s the cheapest data removal service we’ve tested, and it gets the job done.

EasyOptOuts offers a simple, low-risk way to try a data removal service. It’s far cheaper than the other services we tested, and although it doesn’t give you as many features, its low price makes it a solid, entry-level option to start removing your data from the internet.

It’s so cheap. EasyOptOuts costs $20 per year — not per month, per year. That’s a fraction of the cost of our top pick. Just about anyone can afford to sign up.

It’s a set-and-forget experience. Like DeleteMe, EasyOptOuts doesn’t give you real-time updates on where it has found your data. Three times a year, it sends you an email listing the data brokers that EasyOptOuts found with your information, as well as the companies that it has asked to remove your data. These reports aren’t even available on the EasyOptOuts site, so be sure not to miss any in your inbox.

EasyOptOut’s website lists 111 data brokers it covers. That’s less than most of the other services we tested but a bit more than DeleteMe’s core offering. EasyOptOuts also lists 26 additional data brokers that the company claims are downstream from brokers it does cover, and says that your information will likely disappear from them, as well. The company says that you can email requests for the service to look at a specific data broker. DeleteMe’s custom removal request system is more robust.

EasyOptOuts told us that it uses an entirely automated system for removing customer data. Its FAQ page notes that one major data broker uses “an opt-out process that [EasyOptOuts] can’t support.” We’ll be curious to see if this automated approach yields good results in our long-term testing.

Flaws but not dealbreakers

The low price comes at the cost of features and flexibility. The reports from EasyOptOuts are extremely light reading. They don’t even include what information it found (which DeleteMe reports) or screenshots (which Optery provides). Although you can email and request that EasyOptOuts look at a particular data broker, the company told us that its system is entirely automated, so we’re skeptical that this could be as effective as the custom removal requests that other companies offer.

Entering information isn’t as easy as with our top pick. It’s tricky to enter your information into EasyOptOuts, because the service places annoying limits on name variations and requires complete addresses.

EasyOptOuts told us that it hasn’t undergone any third-party audits. That isn’t a dealbreaker, but we would like to see the company invest in more ways to prove its trustworthiness to customers. DeleteMe has undergone third-party audits of both its internal security practices and its financials.

We like the slick look of DuckDuckGo Privacy Pro. We also appreciate that it stores the personal information you provide on your computer, not on DuckDuckGo’s servers. At $100 a year, Privacy Pro is reasonably priced, but it’s bundled with other services that you may not use, so judging its value was harder for us. Also, you must have the DuckDuckGo browser installed to use it. Still, if you’re particularly privacy-conscious, you might want to take a look at this service — but only if you need a bundle.

If there’s an 800-pound gorilla among data removal services, it’s Privacy Bee. For $197 a year, this company searches for your data across a staggering 914 data brokers. However, we found Privacy Bee’s interface overwhelming and its system for trusting some companies with your data questionably useful. Its account-setup process leaves a lot to be desired, too.

Permission Slip by Consumer Reports is an iPhone-only app that gamifies managing your data with a Tinder-style interface and provides templates for you to easily send removal requests to companies that sell your information. It doesn’t search for your data as other services do, so it isn’t a data removal service in the same sense as our top pick, but it does walk you through how to send data removal requests to many sites and companies that aren’t traditional data brokers, such as Wendy’s and Slack. If you pay $60 a year, it will blast out removal requests to a preset list of 100 data brokers and have a human fill out 25 removal requests on your behalf. Our top pick is more comprehensive.

Surfshark VPN is behind Incogni, a well-designed service that costs $99 a year, but that price increases to $180 when you add the option for unlimited custom removals. Incogni’s most compelling offer is its family plan, which covers five people for $198. We like the detail that Incogni provides about where it has found your data and what it has done, but our top pick is cheaper and easier to use.

Kanary Copilot is an unusual service that requires you to download the iPhone app to create an account, but after you’ve created it, you can access it from any web browser. Like Permission Slip, Kanary Copilot is adept at helping you better control who has your data and provides much of its service for free, but as with that service, we disliked having to take action on our own to get data removed.

We like its design and ease of setup, but Malwarebytes Personal Data Remover does only so much automatically — to address everything the service found, we had to follow the included instructions to request the data removal ourselves.

If you’re keen on privacy or a fan of Firefox, Mozilla Monitor seems like an easy choice, but this service is not what it seems. The data removal services under Mozilla Monitor’s hood are provided by OneRep, whose founder has admitted to also founding several data brokers. Mozilla has pledged to find a new vendor, but at this writing OneRep is still powering Mozilla Monitor.

This article has been updated to clarify EasyOptOut‘s compatibility with major data brokers.

This article was edited by Caitlin McGarry and Jason Chen.